How to - Normal Operating Procedures

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The following section is intended to supplement the Simplified Procedures or in-simulator Checklist. General operating guidelines are provided along with speeds and power settings to be applied per flight phase.

 

Engine Start
Ensure the Low Stop Lever is in the Ground position. Engine 2 is started first, followed by Engine 1. 

1. Engine 2 HPC lever: ON.
2. Starter and Ignition panel:  Engine Select No. 2.
3. Starter Master: Start.
4. Starter Push Button: Push and hold for 4 seconds, the button should remain in.
5. When the RPM reaches 1200 to 1500 RPM: Engine 2 HPC lever to HSWL position.

Repeat the procedure for Engine 1. 
 

After Start
Starter and Ignition panel:

1. Engine Select OFF.
2. Starter Master SAFE (middle position).

Set Flap 15, this is the normal Take Off Flap setting.

 

Take Off
Gently apply full power, note that the Low Stop Lever will automatically move to the Flight position as the power levers are advanced. Full power will be approximately 15,000 RPM.

V1 and Vr speed is 90-110 KIAS depending on weight.

Rotate gently, especially at high weights. Allow the aircraft to get airborne on its own and avoid the temptation to increase the pitch further if the aircraft does not become airborne immediately.

Once airborne,

1. Adjust your pitch accordingly to maintain a V2 speed of 110-120 KIAS.
2. Retract the gear, turn the Landing and Taxi Lights OFF and retract both Landing Lights.
3. At 1,000 ft AGL lower the pitch of the aircraft to accelerate. Set 14,200 RPM, retract the flaps.
4. Establish a climb speed of 150 KIAS, this will correlate to approximately 1,000 FPM at Maximum Take Off Weight.

 

Climb

Throughout the climb monitor the speed and adjust the vertical speed accordingly to maintain 150 KIAS. 

If using the autopilot remember that there is no altitude preselector in this aircraft. Gently reduce the vertical speed and press ALT to engage altitude hold when your desired altitude is reached.

Cruise
Cruise RPM is the same as climb - 14,200 RPM. Set the HPC levers to the ON position.

Monitor your fuel consumption and transfer fuel from the auxiliary tanks to the main tanks as required.

• Engine 1 is fed from Main Tank 1
• Engine 2 is fed from Main Tank 4.
• Using the transfer pumps, transfer fuel from Auxiliary Tank 2 into Main Tank 1 and from Auxiliary Tank 3 into Main Tank 4.
   

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Note: VMO reduces with altitude, being as low as 215 KIAS at 20,000 ft. Adjust power accordingly to remain below VMO, this might require less than 14,200 RPM.

Descent
Set power as required to maintain a speed of 200 KIAS. This will correspond to approximately idle power, and a vertical speed of -1,000 to -1,500 FPM.
 

Approach and Landing
On Approach,

1. Reduce speed from 200 KIAS to 150 KIAS. Select Flaps 10 when the speed is below VFE.
2. When appropriate (and below VLO of 164 KIAS),
   - Extend the landing gear
   - Extend the Landing Lights and turn them ON as well
   - Turn on the the Taxi Lights.
   - Set the HPC levers to HSWL position. 
3. Select Flaps 20 and continue to decelerate to the approach speed of 120 KIAS.
4. Select Flaps 35 on final approach whilst maintaining 120 KIAS.

At touchdown,

1. Move the Low Stop Lever to the Ground position.
   Note: This lever can be operated using the “Toggle Spoilers” control assignment
2. Apply brakes as required, remember that the YS-11 does not have reverse.

 

Go Around
In case of a go around,

1. Apply Full Power (approx 15,000 RPM).
2. Adjust pitch to maintain an initial pitch attitude of 10 degrees.
3. Select Flaps 15.
   Note: that when heavy, the YS-11 will take time to accelerate. Monitor the pitch attitude and carefully adjust it to accelerate and prevent altitude loss as the flaps are retracted.
4. Retract the gear when a positive rate of climb is achieved.
5. At 1,000 ft AGL
   - Lower the pitch of the aircraft to accelerate
   - Set 14,200 RPM
   - Retract the flaps
6. Establish a climb speed of 150 KIAS, this will correlate to approximately 1,000 FPM at Maximum Take Off Weight.
7. Level off at desired altitude and then repeat the Approach and Landing section process.